TY - JOUR
T1 - Dexmedetomidine-ketamine combination mitigates acute lung injury in haemorrhagic shock rats
AU - Yang, Chen Hsien
AU - Tsai, Pei-Shan
AU - Wang, Tao Yeuan
AU - Huang, Chun J.
PY - 2009/10
Y1 - 2009/10
N2 - Aim of the study: Upregulation of pulmonary inflammatory molecules is crucial in mediating the development of acute lung injury induced by haemorrhagic shock. Dexmedetomidine and ketamine possess potent anti-inflammatory capacity. We sought to elucidate whether dexmedetomidine, ketamine, or dexmedetomidine-ketamine combination could mitigate acute lung injury in haemorrhagic shock rats. Methods: Fifty adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized to the sham-instrumented, haemorrhagic shock (HS), HS plus dexmedetomidine (HS-D), HS plus ketamine (HS-K), or HS plus dexmedetomidine-ketamine (HS-D + K) group (n = 10 in each group). Haemorrhagic shock was induced by blood withdrawing and the mean blood pressure was maintained at 40-45 mmHg for 120 min. Resuscitation was then performed by infusion of shed blood/saline mixtures. After monitoring for another 8 h, rats were sacrificed. Results: Histology findings and lung injury score analysis revealed moderate lung injury in rats of the HS, HS-D, and HS-K groups, whereas those of the HS-D + K group revealed mild lung injury. The effects of haemorrhagic shock on increasing cell number and protein concentration in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid as well as water content, leukocyte infiltration, and myeloperoxidase activity of lung tissues were significantly attenuated by dexmedetomidine-ketamine combination but not by dexmedetomidine or ketamine alone. Dexmedetomidine-ketamine combination, but not dexmedetomidine or ketamine alone, also significantly inhibited haemorrhagic shock-induced upregulation of pulmonary inflammatory molecules, including nitric oxide, prostaglandin E2, chemokine (e.g., macrophage inflammatory protein-2), and cytokines [e.g., interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6]. Conclusions: Dexmedetomidine-ketamine combination mitigates acute lung injury in haemorrhagic shock rats.
AB - Aim of the study: Upregulation of pulmonary inflammatory molecules is crucial in mediating the development of acute lung injury induced by haemorrhagic shock. Dexmedetomidine and ketamine possess potent anti-inflammatory capacity. We sought to elucidate whether dexmedetomidine, ketamine, or dexmedetomidine-ketamine combination could mitigate acute lung injury in haemorrhagic shock rats. Methods: Fifty adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized to the sham-instrumented, haemorrhagic shock (HS), HS plus dexmedetomidine (HS-D), HS plus ketamine (HS-K), or HS plus dexmedetomidine-ketamine (HS-D + K) group (n = 10 in each group). Haemorrhagic shock was induced by blood withdrawing and the mean blood pressure was maintained at 40-45 mmHg for 120 min. Resuscitation was then performed by infusion of shed blood/saline mixtures. After monitoring for another 8 h, rats were sacrificed. Results: Histology findings and lung injury score analysis revealed moderate lung injury in rats of the HS, HS-D, and HS-K groups, whereas those of the HS-D + K group revealed mild lung injury. The effects of haemorrhagic shock on increasing cell number and protein concentration in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid as well as water content, leukocyte infiltration, and myeloperoxidase activity of lung tissues were significantly attenuated by dexmedetomidine-ketamine combination but not by dexmedetomidine or ketamine alone. Dexmedetomidine-ketamine combination, but not dexmedetomidine or ketamine alone, also significantly inhibited haemorrhagic shock-induced upregulation of pulmonary inflammatory molecules, including nitric oxide, prostaglandin E2, chemokine (e.g., macrophage inflammatory protein-2), and cytokines [e.g., interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6]. Conclusions: Dexmedetomidine-ketamine combination mitigates acute lung injury in haemorrhagic shock rats.
KW - Cyclooxygenase-2
KW - Cytokine
KW - Inducible nitric oxide synthase
KW - Inflammation
KW - Resuscitation
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=70149090356&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=70149090356&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2009.06.017
DO - 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2009.06.017
M3 - Article
C2 - 19608326
AN - SCOPUS:70149090356
VL - 80
SP - 1204
EP - 1210
JO - Resuscitation
JF - Resuscitation
SN - 0300-9572
IS - 10
ER -