Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the prognostic significance of ribonucleotide reductase small subunit M2 (RRM2) in low- and intermediate-risk prostate cancer (PCa). Materials and methods: A retrospective outcome study was conducted on 164 eligible PCa samples from the City of Hope (n = 90) and the Taipei Medical University (n = 74). The RRM2 protein levels were detected by immunohistochemistry. Biochemical recurrence was assessed using Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazard analyses. Cell invasion assays, Ras/Raf, and matrix metallopeptidase 9 activities were determined to evaluate the role of RRM2 on invasiveness of PCa. Results: Expression of RRM2 was significantly increased in patients with higher Gleason score, who had advanced T stage, and who were margin/capsule positive (P-, capsule-, and stage T1-T2. In patients with Gleason score 4 to 7, the risk of recurrence was proportional to RRM2 protein levels. The prognostic performance of RRM2 was superior to that of pathoclinical factors, including margin/capsule status and T stage. An in vitro study demonstrated that RRM2 could promote tumor invasion activities in PCa cell lines. Suppression of RRM2 reduced the Ras/Raf and matrix metallopeptidase 9 activities. Conclusion: RRM2 plays a critical role in proliferation and invasion of PCa. Adding RRM2 as a biomarker in clinical assessments may increase model precision in predicting recurrence in patients with low-risk PCa.
Original language | English |
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Journal | Urologic Oncology: Seminars and Original Investigations |
Volume | 32 |
Issue number | 1 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - Jan 2014 |
Keywords
- Biochemical recurrence
- Gleason score
- Prognostic biomarker
- Prostate cancer
- Ribonucleotide reductase M2
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Oncology
- Urology