Abstract
Background Inadequate sleep may aggravate hypertension, but the pathophysiology of sleep disturbance in hypertension remains unknown. Among spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), sleep disturbance co-occurred with sympathetic hyperactivity; therefore, we hypothesized that the sleep disturbance can be alleviated by antagonizing the adrenergic overdrive. MethodsPolysomnographic recording was performed in SHR by telemetry. The animals were first injected with saline, and 2 days later with a hypotensive agent. Cardiac and vascular sympathetic activity were assessed using the normalized low-frequency power (LF%) of heart rate variability and the low-frequency power of arterial pressure variability (BLF), respectively.ResultsA comparison was made between the saline and hypotensive drug treatments. During quiet sleep (QS), the α1-blocker prazosin induced a significant decrease in BLF, but had no effect on LF%. The total time and bout duration of QS were lengthened and QS interruption was reduced (P 0.05 for all). When both α1-and α2-adrenoceptors were blocked by phentolamine, both BLF and LF% were lower (P 0.05 for both), but no modification to sleep structure could be observed. To antagonize Β-adrenergic activity, atenolol and propranolol were injected. The LF% after either antagonist treatment was significantly decreased; however, sleep structure was not significantly changed. The QS-promoting effect of prazosin is specific to SHR, because prazosin is ineffective when administered to Wistar-Kyoto rats.Conclusionsα1-adrenergic antagonism may reverse, at least partially, the poor sleep quality of SHR, suggesting a vicious cycle can be established between adrenergic overdrive and sleep disturbance.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 1110-1117 |
| Number of pages | 8 |
| Journal | American Journal of Hypertension |
| Volume | 25 |
| Issue number | 10 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - Oct 2012 |
| Externally published | Yes |
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Keywords
- β-adrenergic antagonist
- â-adrenergic antagonist
- blood pressure
- hypertension
- sleep
- spontaneously hypertensive rat
- sympathetic activity
- telemetry
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Internal Medicine
Cite this
Sleep disturbance among spontaneously hypertensive rats is mediated by an α1-adrenergic mechanism. / Kuo, Terry B J; Chen, Chun Yu; Lai, Chun Ting; Chuan, Tsai Yu; Wu, Wen Yi; Tsai, Shih Chih; Yang, Cheryl C H.
In: American Journal of Hypertension, Vol. 25, No. 10, 10.2012, p. 1110-1117.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Sleep disturbance among spontaneously hypertensive rats is mediated by an α1-adrenergic mechanism
AU - Kuo, Terry B J
AU - Chen, Chun Yu
AU - Lai, Chun Ting
AU - Chuan, Tsai Yu
AU - Wu, Wen Yi
AU - Tsai, Shih Chih
AU - Yang, Cheryl C H
PY - 2012/10
Y1 - 2012/10
N2 - Background Inadequate sleep may aggravate hypertension, but the pathophysiology of sleep disturbance in hypertension remains unknown. Among spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), sleep disturbance co-occurred with sympathetic hyperactivity; therefore, we hypothesized that the sleep disturbance can be alleviated by antagonizing the adrenergic overdrive. MethodsPolysomnographic recording was performed in SHR by telemetry. The animals were first injected with saline, and 2 days later with a hypotensive agent. Cardiac and vascular sympathetic activity were assessed using the normalized low-frequency power (LF%) of heart rate variability and the low-frequency power of arterial pressure variability (BLF), respectively.ResultsA comparison was made between the saline and hypotensive drug treatments. During quiet sleep (QS), the α1-blocker prazosin induced a significant decrease in BLF, but had no effect on LF%. The total time and bout duration of QS were lengthened and QS interruption was reduced (P 0.05 for all). When both α1-and α2-adrenoceptors were blocked by phentolamine, both BLF and LF% were lower (P 0.05 for both), but no modification to sleep structure could be observed. To antagonize Β-adrenergic activity, atenolol and propranolol were injected. The LF% after either antagonist treatment was significantly decreased; however, sleep structure was not significantly changed. The QS-promoting effect of prazosin is specific to SHR, because prazosin is ineffective when administered to Wistar-Kyoto rats.Conclusionsα1-adrenergic antagonism may reverse, at least partially, the poor sleep quality of SHR, suggesting a vicious cycle can be established between adrenergic overdrive and sleep disturbance.
AB - Background Inadequate sleep may aggravate hypertension, but the pathophysiology of sleep disturbance in hypertension remains unknown. Among spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), sleep disturbance co-occurred with sympathetic hyperactivity; therefore, we hypothesized that the sleep disturbance can be alleviated by antagonizing the adrenergic overdrive. MethodsPolysomnographic recording was performed in SHR by telemetry. The animals were first injected with saline, and 2 days later with a hypotensive agent. Cardiac and vascular sympathetic activity were assessed using the normalized low-frequency power (LF%) of heart rate variability and the low-frequency power of arterial pressure variability (BLF), respectively.ResultsA comparison was made between the saline and hypotensive drug treatments. During quiet sleep (QS), the α1-blocker prazosin induced a significant decrease in BLF, but had no effect on LF%. The total time and bout duration of QS were lengthened and QS interruption was reduced (P 0.05 for all). When both α1-and α2-adrenoceptors were blocked by phentolamine, both BLF and LF% were lower (P 0.05 for both), but no modification to sleep structure could be observed. To antagonize Β-adrenergic activity, atenolol and propranolol were injected. The LF% after either antagonist treatment was significantly decreased; however, sleep structure was not significantly changed. The QS-promoting effect of prazosin is specific to SHR, because prazosin is ineffective when administered to Wistar-Kyoto rats.Conclusionsα1-adrenergic antagonism may reverse, at least partially, the poor sleep quality of SHR, suggesting a vicious cycle can be established between adrenergic overdrive and sleep disturbance.
KW - β-adrenergic antagonist
KW - â-adrenergic antagonist
KW - blood pressure
KW - hypertension
KW - sleep
KW - spontaneously hypertensive rat
KW - sympathetic activity
KW - telemetry
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84866354289&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84866354289&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1038/ajh.2012.93
DO - 10.1038/ajh.2012.93
M3 - Article
VL - 25
SP - 1110
EP - 1117
JO - American Journal of Hypertension
JF - American Journal of Hypertension
SN - 0895-7061
IS - 10
ER -