Abstract
The mechanisms involved in the apoptotic effect of LCY-2-CHO [9-(2-chlorobenzyl)-9H-carbazole-3-carbaldehyde], a synthetic carbazole derivative identified as an anti-inflammatory compound, were studied. Cell cycle analysis by propidium iodide staining in human THP-1 monocytic leukemia cells showed the ability of LCY-2-CHO to increase cell population in sub-G1 stage with time- and concentration-dependent manners. LCY-2-CHO-mediated cell death was also demonstrated by DNA laddering and was not related to the release of lactate dehydrogenase. Apoptosis in THP-1 cells induced by LCY-2-CHO was accompanied by the Bid cleavage, collapse of mitochondrial transmembrane potential, the release of cytochrome c and the activation of caspase-3. The apoptotic effect of LCY-2-CHO was diminished by the presence of zVEID-fmk (caspase-6 inhibitor), zIETD-fmk (caspase-8 inhibitor), and zVAD-fmk (non-selective caspase inhibitor), but was not altered by several antioxidants, and cathepsin inhibitor. The Bid cleavage and loss of mitochondrial transmembrane potential, but not the cytochrome c release, were reversed by zIETD-fmk. Comparing the cell selectivity of LCY-2-CHO, we found T-cell acute lymphoblastic CEM leukemia cells were sensitive to 1 μM LCY-2-CHO, acute myeloid leukemia HL-60 cells underwent apoptosis at 10 μM, while adherent cancer cells, such as PC3, HT29 and MCF-7, were resistant to 30 μM LCY-2-CHO within 24-h incubation. Taken together in the present study, we demonstrated LCY-2-CHO might be apoptotic for malignant hematopoietic cells but not anchorage-dependent cells. This action is mediated by an intrinsic caspase-dependent apoptotic event involving mitochondria.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 102-112 |
| Number of pages | 11 |
| Journal | Biochemical Pharmacology |
| Volume | 70 |
| Issue number | 1 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - Jul 1 2005 |
| Externally published | Yes |
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Keywords
- Apoptosis
- Carbazole
- Caspases
- LCY-2-CHO
- Mitochondria
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Pharmacology
Cite this
Cell apoptosis induced by a synthetic carbazole compound LCY-2-CHO is mediated through activation of caspase and mitochondrial pathways. / Hsu, Ming Jen; Chao, Yee; Chang, Ying Hsin; Ho, Feng Ming; Huang, Li Jiau; Huang, Ya Ling; Luh, Tien Yau; Chen, Chih Ping; Lin, Wan Wan.
In: Biochemical Pharmacology, Vol. 70, No. 1, 01.07.2005, p. 102-112.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Cell apoptosis induced by a synthetic carbazole compound LCY-2-CHO is mediated through activation of caspase and mitochondrial pathways
AU - Hsu, Ming Jen
AU - Chao, Yee
AU - Chang, Ying Hsin
AU - Ho, Feng Ming
AU - Huang, Li Jiau
AU - Huang, Ya Ling
AU - Luh, Tien Yau
AU - Chen, Chih Ping
AU - Lin, Wan Wan
PY - 2005/7/1
Y1 - 2005/7/1
N2 - The mechanisms involved in the apoptotic effect of LCY-2-CHO [9-(2-chlorobenzyl)-9H-carbazole-3-carbaldehyde], a synthetic carbazole derivative identified as an anti-inflammatory compound, were studied. Cell cycle analysis by propidium iodide staining in human THP-1 monocytic leukemia cells showed the ability of LCY-2-CHO to increase cell population in sub-G1 stage with time- and concentration-dependent manners. LCY-2-CHO-mediated cell death was also demonstrated by DNA laddering and was not related to the release of lactate dehydrogenase. Apoptosis in THP-1 cells induced by LCY-2-CHO was accompanied by the Bid cleavage, collapse of mitochondrial transmembrane potential, the release of cytochrome c and the activation of caspase-3. The apoptotic effect of LCY-2-CHO was diminished by the presence of zVEID-fmk (caspase-6 inhibitor), zIETD-fmk (caspase-8 inhibitor), and zVAD-fmk (non-selective caspase inhibitor), but was not altered by several antioxidants, and cathepsin inhibitor. The Bid cleavage and loss of mitochondrial transmembrane potential, but not the cytochrome c release, were reversed by zIETD-fmk. Comparing the cell selectivity of LCY-2-CHO, we found T-cell acute lymphoblastic CEM leukemia cells were sensitive to 1 μM LCY-2-CHO, acute myeloid leukemia HL-60 cells underwent apoptosis at 10 μM, while adherent cancer cells, such as PC3, HT29 and MCF-7, were resistant to 30 μM LCY-2-CHO within 24-h incubation. Taken together in the present study, we demonstrated LCY-2-CHO might be apoptotic for malignant hematopoietic cells but not anchorage-dependent cells. This action is mediated by an intrinsic caspase-dependent apoptotic event involving mitochondria.
AB - The mechanisms involved in the apoptotic effect of LCY-2-CHO [9-(2-chlorobenzyl)-9H-carbazole-3-carbaldehyde], a synthetic carbazole derivative identified as an anti-inflammatory compound, were studied. Cell cycle analysis by propidium iodide staining in human THP-1 monocytic leukemia cells showed the ability of LCY-2-CHO to increase cell population in sub-G1 stage with time- and concentration-dependent manners. LCY-2-CHO-mediated cell death was also demonstrated by DNA laddering and was not related to the release of lactate dehydrogenase. Apoptosis in THP-1 cells induced by LCY-2-CHO was accompanied by the Bid cleavage, collapse of mitochondrial transmembrane potential, the release of cytochrome c and the activation of caspase-3. The apoptotic effect of LCY-2-CHO was diminished by the presence of zVEID-fmk (caspase-6 inhibitor), zIETD-fmk (caspase-8 inhibitor), and zVAD-fmk (non-selective caspase inhibitor), but was not altered by several antioxidants, and cathepsin inhibitor. The Bid cleavage and loss of mitochondrial transmembrane potential, but not the cytochrome c release, were reversed by zIETD-fmk. Comparing the cell selectivity of LCY-2-CHO, we found T-cell acute lymphoblastic CEM leukemia cells were sensitive to 1 μM LCY-2-CHO, acute myeloid leukemia HL-60 cells underwent apoptosis at 10 μM, while adherent cancer cells, such as PC3, HT29 and MCF-7, were resistant to 30 μM LCY-2-CHO within 24-h incubation. Taken together in the present study, we demonstrated LCY-2-CHO might be apoptotic for malignant hematopoietic cells but not anchorage-dependent cells. This action is mediated by an intrinsic caspase-dependent apoptotic event involving mitochondria.
KW - Apoptosis
KW - Carbazole
KW - Caspases
KW - LCY-2-CHO
KW - Mitochondria
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=20444393146&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=20444393146&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.bcp.2005.04.014
DO - 10.1016/j.bcp.2005.04.014
M3 - Article
VL - 70
SP - 102
EP - 112
JO - Biochemical Pharmacology
JF - Biochemical Pharmacology
SN - 0006-2952
IS - 1
ER -