TY - JOUR
T1 - Additive-manufactured Ti-6Al-4 V/Polyetheretherketone composite porous cage for Interbody fusion
T2 - bone growth and biocompatibility evaluation in a porcine model
AU - Tsai, Pei I.
AU - Wu, Meng Huang
AU - Li, Yen Yao
AU - Lin, Tzu Hung
AU - Tsai, Jane S.C.
AU - Huang, Hsin I.
AU - Lai, Hong Jen
AU - Lee, Ming Hsueh
AU - Chen, Chih Yu
N1 - Funding Information:
This study was supported by grants from Chiayi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital (Yen-Yao Li: Chiayi, Taiwan; CMRPG6D0172; Ming-Hseuh Lee: Chiayi, Taiwan, CMRPG6D0252 and CMRPG6D0113) and Industrial Technology Research Institute (Jane SC Tsai: Chutung, Hsinchu, Taiwan; No. H301AR5J30).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021, The Author(s).
Copyright:
Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2021/12
Y1 - 2021/12
N2 - Background: We developed a porous Ti alloy/PEEK composite interbody cage by utilizing the advantages of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and titanium alloy (Ti alloy) in combination with additive manufacturing technology. Methods: Porous Ti alloy/PEEK composite cages were manufactured using various controlled porosities. Anterior intervertebral lumbar fusion and posterior augmentation were performed at three vertebral levels on 20 female pigs. Each level was randomly implanted with one of the five cages that were tested: a commercialized pure PEEK cage, a Ti alloy/PEEK composite cage with nonporous Ti alloy endplates, and three composite cages with porosities of 40, 60, and 80%, respectively. Micro-computed tomography (CT), backscattered-electron SEM (BSE-SEM), and histological analyses were performed. Results: Micro-CT and histological analyses revealed improved bone growth in high-porosity groups. Micro-CT and BSE-SEM demonstrated that structures with high porosities, especially 60 and 80%, facilitated more bone formation inside the implant but not outside the implant. Histological analysis also showed that bone formation was higher in Ti alloy groups than in the PEEK group. Conclusion: The composite cage presents the biological advantages of Ti alloy porous endplates and the mechanical and radiographic advantages of the PEEK central core, which makes it suitable for use as a single implant for intervertebral fusion.
AB - Background: We developed a porous Ti alloy/PEEK composite interbody cage by utilizing the advantages of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and titanium alloy (Ti alloy) in combination with additive manufacturing technology. Methods: Porous Ti alloy/PEEK composite cages were manufactured using various controlled porosities. Anterior intervertebral lumbar fusion and posterior augmentation were performed at three vertebral levels on 20 female pigs. Each level was randomly implanted with one of the five cages that were tested: a commercialized pure PEEK cage, a Ti alloy/PEEK composite cage with nonporous Ti alloy endplates, and three composite cages with porosities of 40, 60, and 80%, respectively. Micro-computed tomography (CT), backscattered-electron SEM (BSE-SEM), and histological analyses were performed. Results: Micro-CT and histological analyses revealed improved bone growth in high-porosity groups. Micro-CT and BSE-SEM demonstrated that structures with high porosities, especially 60 and 80%, facilitated more bone formation inside the implant but not outside the implant. Histological analysis also showed that bone formation was higher in Ti alloy groups than in the PEEK group. Conclusion: The composite cage presents the biological advantages of Ti alloy porous endplates and the mechanical and radiographic advantages of the PEEK central core, which makes it suitable for use as a single implant for intervertebral fusion.
KW - 4 V (Ti alloy)/polyetheretherketone (PEEK) composite porous cage, porcine study
KW - 6Al
KW - Additive manufacturing (3D printing), Ti
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U2 - 10.1186/s12891-021-04022-0
DO - 10.1186/s12891-021-04022-0
M3 - Article
C2 - 33573634
AN - SCOPUS:85100965949
VL - 22
JO - BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders
JF - BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders
SN - 1471-2474
IS - 1
M1 - 171
ER -