The Role of Activating Transcription Factor 3 on Metabolic Syndrome in Fructose-Fed Mice

A role of oxidative stress from adipose tissues has been reported to contribute to fructose-induced hypertension and metabolic syndrome. ATF3 has been repoted to play a potential role in regulating inflammation and cardiovascular system. However, little is known and rare investigated that the role of activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) on adipose-mediated metabolic syndrome in fructose-fed hypertensive mice. This three-year project is to examine the effects of ATF3 on insulin resistance, adiposity, oxidative stress, inflammation and organs remodeling in mice with fructose-induced metabolic syndrome. For the first year, we will be investigated the role of ATF3 on blood pressure, endothelial function, insulin resistance, adipocytokines, oxidative stress, inflammation, and organs remodeling in fructose-fed mice. For the second year, we use ATF3 knockout mice to investigate 2 whether influenceing on blood pressure, endothelial function, insulin resistance, adipocytokines, oxidative stress, inflammation, and organs remodeling in fructose-fed mice. For the third year, we will investigate the role of ATF3 in 3T3-L1 adipocytes directly or indirectly regulating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), nuclear factor kB (NF-kB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase- extracellular signals regulated kinases (MAPK-ERK1/2) in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Finally, this project will establish the role of ATF3 on oxidative stress, inflammation, and organs remodeling in fructose-fed mice with metabolic syndrome.